TY - BOOK AU - Pearson, Jonathan. TI - Generalized perturbations in modified gravity and dark energy T2 - Springer theses SN - 9783319012094 U1 - 521.1 23 PY - 2014/// CY - Switzerland PB - Springer KW - Dark energy (Astronomy). KW - General relativity (Physics) KW - Gravitation N1 - Doctoral thesis accepted by Manchester University, UK; Includes references; 1. Introduction to Gravitational Theories and Cosmology-- 2. The Effective Action Formalism for Cosmological Perturbations-- 3. Metric Only and First Order Scalar Field Theory-- 4. High Derivative Theories-- 5. Explicit Theories-- 6. Connections to Massive gravity-- 7. Generalized Fluid Description-- 8. Observational Signatures of Generalized Cosmological Perturbations-- 9. Discussion and Final Remarks-- About the Author-- References-- N2 - When predictions of Einstein's theory of General Relativity are compared against observations of our Universe, a huge inconsistency is found. The most popular fix for this inconsistency is to 'invent' around 94% of the content of the universe: dark matter and dark energy. The dark energy is some exotic substance responsible for the apparent observed acceleration of the Universe. Another fix is to modify the theory of gravity: it is entirely plausible that Einstein's theory of General Relativity breaks down on cosmological scales, just as Newton's theory of gravity breaks down in the extreme gr. ER -